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Flashcards · Biology

Reproduction and Meiosis

48 cards from 3 lessons

  1. What are the gametes of animals?

    Sperm cells and egg cells.

  2. What are the gametes of flowering plants?

    Pollen cells and egg cells.

  3. What happens in sexual reproduction?

    A male gamete and a female gamete fuse.

  4. What type of cell division makes gametes?

    Meiosis.

  5. How many parents are needed for asexual reproduction?

    One.

  6. Which type of cell division is involved in asexual reproduction?

    Mitosis only.

  7. What are genetically identical offspring called?

    Clones.

  8. Is genetic information mixed in asexual reproduction?

    No.

  9. Why does sexual reproduction give variety?

    The genetic information from two parents is mixed.

  10. Does meiosis make identical or non-identical cells?

    Non-identical.

  11. Does mitosis make identical or non-identical cells?

    Identical.

  12. How many cells does mitosis make from one cell?

    Two.

  13. How many cells does meiosis make from one cell?

    Four.

  14. Where does meiosis take place?

    In the reproductive organs.

  15. What is fertilisation?

    The fusion of a male gamete and a female gamete.

  16. Common mistake about gametes?

    Saying that asexual reproduction uses gametes. It does not.

  17. Where does meiosis take place?

    In the reproductive organs.

  18. What does meiosis do to the number of chromosomes?

    It halves it.

  19. How many gametes does meiosis make?

    Four.

  20. How many divisions are there in meiosis?

    Two.

  21. What happens before the cell divides?

    Copies of the genetic information are made.

  22. Are the gametes identical to each other?

    No, they are all genetically different.

  23. How many chromosomes are in a human gamete?

    23.

  24. How many chromosomes are in a human body cell?

    46.

  25. What does fertilisation restore?

    The normal number of chromosomes.

  26. What type of division follows fertilisation?

    Mitosis.

  27. What is a ball of cells called?

    An embryo.

  28. What does differentiate mean?

    To become specialised.

  29. What happens to the number of cells in the embryo?

    It increases.

  30. Is knowledge of the stages of meiosis needed?

    No.

  31. Does meiosis make a clone?

    No, the gametes are genetically different.

  32. Common mistake about meiosis?

    Saying that it forms two cells. It forms four.

  33. Name one advantage of sexual reproduction.

    It produces variation in the offspring.

  34. Why is variation an advantage?

    If the environment changes, some offspring may survive, by natural selection.

  35. How can humans speed up natural selection?

    By selective breeding.

  36. Name one advantage of asexual reproduction.

    Only one parent is needed.

  37. Why is asexual reproduction more efficient?

    There is no need to find a mate.

  38. Is asexual reproduction faster or slower?

    Faster.

  39. What can asexual reproduction produce in favourable conditions?

    Many identical offspring.

  40. What is a disadvantage of asexual reproduction?

    There is no variation.

  41. Where do malarial parasites reproduce asexually?

    In the human host.

  42. Where do malarial parasites reproduce sexually?

    In the mosquito.

  43. How do fungi reproduce asexually?

    By spores.

  44. Why do fungi also reproduce sexually?

    To give variation.

  45. How do strawberry plants reproduce asexually?

    By runners.

  46. How do daffodils reproduce asexually?

    By bulb division.

  47. How do plants such as strawberries reproduce sexually?

    By producing seeds.

  48. Common mistake about the advantages?

    Saying that asexual reproduction gives variation. It gives clones.