National and global energy resources - Teacher Slides.pptx

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National and global energy resources

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

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Warm-up

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

Answer each one, then check.

1

Name a fossil fuel.

2

What does renewable mean?

3

What gas do fossil fuels release when burned?

4

What is generated in a power station?

5

Name a use of energy resources other than electricity.

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Warm-up - Answers

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

1

Name a fossil fuel.

Coal, oil or natural gas

2

What does renewable mean?

Can be replenished as it is used

3

What gas do fossil fuels release when burned?

Carbon dioxide

4

What is generated in a power station?

Electricity

5

Name a use of energy resources other than electricity.

Transport or heating

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Learning Objectives

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

1

Name the main energy resources.

2

Distinguish renewable and non-renewable resources.

3

Compare their uses: transport, electricity generation, heating.

4

Explain why some resources are more reliable than others.

5

Describe environmental impacts and explain trends in resource use.

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Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

RENEWABLE

A renewable energy resource is one that is being, or can be, replenished as it is used.

Non-renewable resources will run out: fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) and nuclear fuel. Renewable: bio-fuel, wind, hydro-electricity, geothermal, tides, the Sun and water waves.

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Renewable and Non-renewable Resources

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

Reliable means it can produce power when needed.

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Comparing Energy Resources

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

Use this to compare for evaluation questions.

Resource

Renewable?

Reliable?

Main environmental issue

Coal, oil, gas

No

Yes

Release carbon dioxide (global warming); coal and oil also cause acid rain or pollution

Nuclear fuel

No

Yes

Radioactive waste; risk of accidents; very low carbon dioxide

Wind

Yes

No: depends on wind speed

Visual and noise impact; can affect birds

Solar

Yes

No: only in daylight and sunshine

Land use for large solar farms

Hydro-electric

Yes

Mostly, if water is stored

Flooding valleys destroys habitats

Tides and waves

Yes

Tides are predictable; waves vary

Can affect marine life and sea views

Bio-fuel

Yes

Yes, can be stored

Land used for crops; carbon dioxide released when burned

Geothermal

Yes

Yes

Only possible in some places

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Uses of Energy Resources

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

Transport

Petrol, diesel and bio-fuels power vehicles.

Electricity generation

Fossil fuels, nuclear fuel, wind, solar, hydro, tides, waves and geothermal turn generators or solar cells.

Heating

Gas and bio-fuels heat homes; geothermal and solar can heat water directly.

Descriptions of the power station process

are not required for this specification.

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Why Are Some More Reliable?

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

Reliability means the resource can supply energy on demand.

Fuels

Coal, oil, gas, nuclear fuel and bio-fuel can be stored and used when needed.

Weather

Wind and solar depend on weather and time of day.

Predictable

Tides are predictable because they depend on the Moon and Sun.

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Patterns and Trends

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

Use of renewables has grown.

Reasons for growth

To reduce carbon dioxide emissions, government targets, falling costs of wind and solar.

Slow change

Building new power stations is expensive and takes time.

Science and society

Science can identify environmental problems but political, social, ethical and economic factors decide how they are tackled.

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Key Terms

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

Renewable

A resource that is replenished as it is used.

Non-renewable

A resource that will run out.

Fossil fuel

Coal, oil or natural gas formed from ancient organisms.

Reliable

Able to supply energy whenever it is needed.

Bio-fuel

A fuel made from plant or animal matter.

Global warming

Rise in the Earth's average temperature linked to greenhouse gases.

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Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

YOUR TASK

Evaluate the Options

15 minutes

A town needs a new power source. In groups, choose between a wind farm, a gas power station and a nuclear power station, giving two advantages and two disadvantages of each.

1

List advantages.

2

List disadvantages.

3

Decide and justify.

WHAT A GOOD ANSWER SHOWS

Wind: no fuel or CO2 in use but not reliable, visual impact. Gas: reliable but produces CO2 and uses a finite fuel. Nuclear: reliable and low CO2 but produces radioactive waste and is costly to build and decommission.

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Can I...?

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

Name the main energy resources.

Say which are renewable.

Compare uses of resources.

Explain reliability.

Describe environmental impacts.

Describe trends in use.

Evaluate two resources.

Use data to justify a conclusion.

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Summary & Exam Focus

Renewable resources are replenished as they are used.

Fossil fuels and nuclear fuel are non-renewable.

Wind and solar are not reliable; fuels are reliable.

Each resource has environmental impacts.

EXAM FOCUS

State two renewable energy resources. (2 marks)

Give complete, specific resources such as wind or hydro-electricity.

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Exam Practice: National and global energy resources

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

Answer all questions. Use the mark allocation as a guide to how much to write. · 20 minutes

Question 1 · 2 marks · State

Give two examples of non-renewable energy resources.

Question 2 · 2 marks · State

What is meant by a renewable energy resource?

Question 3 · 4 marks · Use the data

The bar chart shows the percentage of a country's electricity generated by different resources in 2000 and in 2020. (a) Describe two…

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Exam Practice: National and global energy resources (cont.)

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

Question 4 · 3 marks · Explain

Wind turbines and gas power stations can both generate electricity. Compare the reliability of the two and explain the difference.

Question 5 · 6 marks · Evaluate

Evaluate the use of nuclear fuel and wind to generate electricity. Include environmental effects and reliability in your answer.

Question 6 · 2 marks · Suggest

Some countries still use fossil fuels even though they know about the environmental problems. Suggest two reasons for this.

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Question 1 · 2 marks · State

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

“

Give two examples of non-renewable energy resources.

HOW TO ANSWER IT

Command word: State. Worth 2 marks, so plan before writing.

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Question 1 · mark scheme

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

2 marks available. Award a mark for each point made.

First example

1 mark

Second example

1 mark

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Question 2 · 2 marks · State

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

“

What is meant by a renewable energy resource?

HOW TO ANSWER IT

Command word: State. Worth 2 marks, so plan before writing.

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Question 2 · mark scheme

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

2 marks available. Award a mark for each point made.

Replenished

1 mark

As it is used

1 mark

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Question 3 · 4 marks · Use the data

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

The bar chart shows the percentage of a country's electricity generated by different resources in 2000 and in 2020. (a) Describe two changes between 2000 and 2020. (b) Suggest one reason for one of these changes. (4 marks)

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Question 3 · mark scheme

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

4 marks available. Award a mark for each point made.

First change with data

1 mark

Second change with data

1 mark

Reason

1 mark

Linked to the change chosen

1 mark

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Question 4 · 3 marks · Explain

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

“

Wind turbines and gas power stations can both generate electricity. Compare the reliability of the two and explain the difference.

HOW TO ANSWER IT

Command word: Explain. Worth 3 marks, so plan before writing.

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Question 4 · mark scheme

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

3 marks available. Award a mark for each point made.

Gas is more reliable

1 mark

Gas can be stored or supplied on demand

1 mark

Wind depends on the weather

1 mark

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Question 5 · 6 marks · Evaluate

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

“

Evaluate the use of nuclear fuel and wind to generate electricity. Include environmental effects and reliability in your answer.

HOW TO ANSWER IT

Command word: Evaluate. Worth 6 marks, so plan before writing.

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Question 5 · mark scheme

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

6 marks available. Award a mark for each point made.

Level 3 (5 to 6 marks): a balanced comparison covering reliability, environmental impact and at least one of cost, carbon dioxide or waste, and a justified conclusion

5 to 6 marks

Level 2 (3 to 4 marks): several valid points for both, with some comparison

3 to 4 marks

Level 1 (1 to 2 marks): simple statements about one or both

1 to 2 marks

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Question 6 · 2 marks · Suggest

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

“

Some countries still use fossil fuels even though they know about the environmental problems. Suggest two reasons for this.

HOW TO ANSWER IT

Command word: Suggest. Worth 2 marks, so plan before writing.

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Question 6 · mark scheme

Energy

Lesson 7 of 7

2 marks available. Award a mark for each point made.

First reason

1 mark

Second reason

1 mark

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