Maths · Topic 2: Year 11

Multiplicative reasoning

Percentage growth and decay, compound measures such as speed, density and pressure, and direct and inverse proportion including algebraic proportion.

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Key terms in this chapter

All 24, gathered from every lesson.

Multiplier
The number you multiply by to increase or decrease.
Compound interest
Interest paid on the original amount and on interest already added.
Depreciation
The fall in value of an item over time.
Exponential growth
Growth by a constant multiplier greater than 1 each period.
Exponential decay
Decay by a constant multiplier between 0 and 1 each period.
Original value
The amount at the start.
Compound measure
A measure made from two other measures, such as speed.
Speed
Distance travelled per unit of time.
Density
Mass per unit of volume.
Pressure
Force per unit of area.
Newton (N)
The unit of force.
Pascal (Pa)
One newton per square metre.
Rate
A quantity compared with another, such as litres per minute.
Population density
The number of people per unit of area.
Average speed
Total distance divided by total time.
Flow rate
The volume passing a point per unit of time.
Unit price
The cost of one unit of a product.
Conversion
Changing from one unit to another.
Direct proportion
Two quantities that increase together in the same ratio.
Inverse proportion
As one quantity increases the other decreases in the opposite ratio.
Constant of proportionality
The number \(k\) in a proportion equation.
Proportional to
Written \(y \propto x\).
Unitary method
Finding the value of one unit first.
Rate
How much of one quantity per unit of another.