Physics · Paper 2
Magnetism and electromagnetism
Permanent and induced magnets, magnetic fields, electromagnetism, the motor effect, electric motors, loudspeakers, the generator effect, alternators and dynamos, microphones and transformers.
Lessons
Ticks are remembered on this device only.
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2
Electromagnetism
Describe the magnetic field around a wire carrying a current and in a solenoid, and explain how the strength of the field can be changed.
6 terms -
3
The motor effect
Explain the motor effect, use Fleming's left-hand rule and calculate the force on a conductor using F = BIl (Higher tier only; Physics only).
6 terms -
4
Electric motors
Explain how a d.c. electric motor works using the motor effect and the split-ring commutator (Higher tier only; Physics only).
6 terms -
5
Loudspeakers and headphones
Explain how loudspeakers and headphones use the motor effect to convert alternating current into sound (Higher tier only; Physics only).
6 terms -
6
Induced potential
Describe the generator effect: how a potential difference and current are induced by a changing magnetic field, and what affects their size and direction…
6 terms -
7
Alternators, dynamos and microphones
Describe how alternators and dynamos generate alternating and direct current, interpret potential difference–time graphs, and explain how a microphone works…
6 terms -
8
Transformers
Explain how a transformer works, and use V_p/(V_s) = n_p/(n_s) and V_s I_s = V_p I_p (Physics only; Higher tier only).
6 terms -
1
Poles and magnetic fields
Describe the forces between magnetic poles, the difference between permanent and induced magnets, and the shape and direction of magnetic field lines.
6 terms
Downloads
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- Electromagnetism.pptx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Electromagnetism - Completed Notes.docx The full notes for the lesson, to revise from. Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Electromagnetism - Exam Questions.docx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- The motor effect.pptx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- The motor effect - Completed Notes.docx The full notes for the lesson, to revise from. Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- The motor effect - Exam Questions.docx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Electric motors.pptx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Electric motors - Completed Notes.docx The full notes for the lesson, to revise from. Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Electric motors - Exam Questions.docx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Loudspeakers and headphones.pptx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Loudspeakers and headphones - Completed Notes.docx The full notes for the lesson, to revise from. Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Loudspeakers and headphones - Exam Questions.docx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Induced potential.pptx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Induced potential - Completed Notes.docx The full notes for the lesson, to revise from. Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Induced potential - Exam Questions.docx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Alternators dynamos and microphones.pptx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Alternators dynamos and microphones - Completed Notes.docx The full notes for the lesson, to revise from. Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Alternators dynamos and microphones - Exam Questions.docx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Transformers.pptx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Transformers - Completed Notes.docx The full notes for the lesson, to revise from. Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Transformers - Exam Questions.docx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Poles and magnetic fields.pptx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Poles and magnetic fields - Completed Notes.docx The full notes for the lesson, to revise from. Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
- Poles and magnetic fields - Exam Questions.docx Built from the lesson script on 30 September 2026. View
Key terms in this chapter
All 48, gathered from every lesson.
- Electromagnet
- A solenoid with an iron core that is magnetic only when a current flows.
- Solenoid
- A coil of wire.
- Magnetic field
- The region around a magnet or current where a force acts on magnetic materials.
- Current
- The rate of flow of charge.
- Core
- A piece of iron inside a solenoid.
- Turns
- Loops of wire in a coil.
- Motor effect
- The force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field.
- Magnetic flux density
- A measure of the strength of a magnetic field, in tesla (T).
- Tesla
- The unit of magnetic flux density.
- Fleming's left-hand rule
- A rule for finding the direction of the force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field.
- Conductor
- A material that allows a current to flow.
- Thumb
- Gives the direction of the force in Fleming's left-hand rule.
- d.c. motor
- A motor that uses direct current to make a coil rotate in a magnetic field.
- Commutator
- A split ring that reverses the current each half turn.
- Brushes
- Carbon contacts that touch the commutator.
- Coil
- A loop of wire that turns in the magnetic field.
- Rotation
- Turning about an axis.
- Motor effect
- The force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field.
- Loudspeaker
- A device that uses the motor effect to convert electrical signals into sound.
- Cone
- The part of the loudspeaker that vibrates to make sound.
- Alternating current
- A current that repeatedly changes direction.
- Frequency
- The number of vibrations each second.
- Amplitude
- The size of the vibration.
- Diaphragm
- A thin vibrating membrane.
- Generator effect
- The induction of a potential difference across a conductor when the magnetic field changes or the conductor moves in a magnetic field.
- Induced potential difference
- A p.d. produced by the generator effect.
- Induced current
- A current produced in a complete circuit by an induced p.d.
- Coil
- Loops of wire.
- Flux
- The magnetic field passing through a coil.
- Galvanometer
- A sensitive meter that shows small currents.
- Alternator
- A generator that produces alternating current.
- Dynamo
- A generator that produces direct current.
- Slip rings
- Rings that keep the coil connected to the brushes without reversing the output.
- Commutator
- A split ring that reverses the connections each half turn.
- Microphone
- A device that converts sound into an electrical signal.
- Brush
- A carbon contact that touches a ring.
- Transformer
- A device that changes the potential difference of an alternating supply.
- Primary coil
- The input coil of a transformer.
- Secondary coil
- The output coil of a transformer.
- Step-up transformer
- A transformer that increases the potential difference.
- Step-down transformer
- A transformer that decreases the potential difference.
- Soft iron core
- A core that easily becomes magnetised and demagnetised, linking the coils.
- Magnetic pole
- The end of a magnet where the force is strongest.
- Magnetic field
- The region around a magnet where a force acts on another magnet or a magnetic material.
- Permanent magnet
- A magnet that always produces its own magnetic field.
- Induced magnet
- A material that becomes magnetic only when in a magnetic field.
- Field line
- A line showing the direction of the force on a north pole.
- Compass
- A small magnet that lines up with a magnetic field.