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Flashcards · Biology · Monoclonal Antibodies

Uses of Monoclonal Antibodies

17 cards

  1. Name four uses of monoclonal antibodies.

    Diagnosis, measuring chemicals or detecting pathogens in laboratories, research, and treating disease.

  2. What does a pregnancy test detect?

    The hormone hCG in urine.

  3. What makes the test line turn blue?

    Antibodies with blue beads, linked to hCG, are trapped by fixed antibodies on the line.

  4. Why is there a control line?

    It always turns blue, to show that the test has worked.

  5. How are monoclonal antibodies used in research?

    They are attached to a fluorescent dye to show where specific molecules are in cells or tissues.

  6. How can monoclonal antibodies measure hormones in blood?

    They bind to the hormone in a laboratory test, allowing the level to be measured.

  7. How are they used to treat cancer?

    They carry a radioactive substance, a toxic drug or a chemical that stops cell division to the cancer cells.

  8. Why do the antibodies only bind to cancer cells?

    They are specific to antigens on the surface of the cancer cells.

  9. Why is delivering a drug this way useful?

    It does not harm other cells in the body.

  10. What was disappointing about monoclonal antibodies?

    They create more side effects than expected and are not yet as widely used as was hoped.

  11. Name one advantage of monoclonal antibodies.

    They are specific, so they target only one chemical.

  12. Name one disadvantage.

    More side effects than expected, or expensive to produce.

  13. Do you need to recall specific tests or treatments?

    No. You should be able to explain them from given information.

  14. What does a fluorescent dye do in this research?

    It glows, so it shows where the antibody has bound.

  15. Why do cancer cells have antigens normal cells lack?

    Changes in the cells alter the proteins on their surface.

  16. Cancer cells and normal cells with a pointer marked X to a monoclonal antibody. Name the part marked X and say what it carries.

    A monoclonal antibody. It carries a drug to the cancer cell and binds to a specific antigen on its surface.

  17. Cancer cells, normal cells and antibodies with no labels. Label every part of this treatment. The same cells and antibodies with every part labelled.

    Cancer cell, antigen, monoclonal antibody, drug, normal cell. The drug reaches only the cancer cells.