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Flashcards · Biology · Hormonal Coordination in Humans

Blood Glucose and Diabetes

17 cards

  1. What does insulin do?

    Lowers the blood glucose concentration.

  2. Where is insulin made?

    In the pancreas.

  3. What does insulin make the liver do?

    Take up glucose and convert it to glycogen.

  4. What is glycogen?

    The carbohydrate in which the liver stores glucose.

  5. What does glucagon do? (Higher tier)

    Raises the blood glucose concentration.

  6. What does glucagon make the liver do? (Higher tier)

    Convert glycogen to glucose and release it.

  7. What is diabetes?

    A disease in which the blood glucose concentration is not controlled properly.

  8. What causes type 1 diabetes?

    The pancreas does not make enough insulin.

  9. What causes type 2 diabetes?

    The body cells stop responding to insulin.

  10. How is type 1 diabetes treated?

    With insulin injections and a controlled diet.

  11. How is type 2 diabetes treated?

    With diet, exercise, weight loss and sometimes medicine.

  12. Which type of diabetes is linked to obesity?

    Type 2.

  13. Which type of diabetes usually starts in childhood?

    Type 1.

  14. Why is blood glucose controlled by negative feedback?

    A rise causes insulin release, which makes it fall.

  15. Why do people with type 1 diabetes inject insulin?

    Their pancreas does not make enough.

  16. The blood glucose diagram with a pointer marked X to the pancreas. Name the organ marked X and say what it releases.

    The pancreas. It releases insulin, and glucagon (Higher tier).

  17. The blood glucose diagram with no labels. Explain what happens when the blood glucose is too high and too low. The same diagram with every part labelled.

    Too high: the pancreas releases insulin, the liver stores glucose as glycogen, and the glucose falls. Too low (Higher tier): the pancreas releases glucagon, the liver releases glucose, and the glucose rises.