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Flashcards · Biology · Non-communicable Diseases

Alcohol and Smoking

16 cards

  1. Where is alcohol broken down?

    In the liver.

  2. What is the first stage of alcohol-related liver disease?

    Fatty liver.

  3. What is cirrhosis?

    Permanent scarring of the liver.

  4. Can a fatty liver recover?

    Yes, if the person stops drinking.

  5. What is one unit of alcohol?

    10 ml of pure alcohol.

  6. What is the equation for units?

    Volume in ml times the percentage alcohol, divided by 1000.

  7. What is the UK limit for alcohol?

    No more than 14 units a week.

  8. What does nicotine do?

    Makes the heart beat faster and raises blood pressure, and is addictive.

  9. What does carbon monoxide do?

    Binds to haemoglobin, so the blood carries less oxygen.

  10. What is tar?

    A sticky mixture in smoke that contains carcinogens.

  11. How does smoking cause fatty deposits?

    The chemicals damage the artery lining, and fat builds up in the wall.

  12. What happens if a coronary artery is blocked?

    A heart attack.

  13. What happens if an artery to the brain is blocked?

    A stroke.

  14. How many people does tobacco kill each year?

    More than 8 million worldwide.

  15. Name two lung diseases caused by smoking.

    Any two from: lung cancer, emphysema, chronic bronchitis.

  16. Common mistake about carbon monoxide?

    Thinking that it replaces the red blood cells. It takes the place of oxygen on haemoglobin.