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Flashcards · Biology · Non-communicable Diseases

Non-communicable Diseases and their Causes

16 cards

  1. What is a non-communicable disease?

    A disease that is not caused by a pathogen and cannot be passed on.

  2. Give four groups of non-communicable disease.

    Cardiovascular diseases, cancers, lung and liver diseases, and diseases influenced by nutrition.

  3. Give two examples of lung disease caused by smoking.

    Emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

  4. Which liver disease can be caused by alcohol?

    Cirrhosis.

  5. Name a deficiency disease.

    Scurvy, from a lack of vitamin C.

  6. What is a risk factor?

    Something that increases the chance of a disease.

  7. Does having a risk factor mean a person will get the disease?

    No, it only makes it more likely.

  8. Name three types of risk factor.

    Genes, lifestyle and the environment.

  9. What does a positive correlation show?

    Both variables rise together.

  10. Does a correlation prove a cause?

    No, another factor may be responsible, or it may be chance.

  11. What makes a cause more likely?

    Large studies, repeated results, a dose effect and a known mechanism.

  12. Why does a larger sample help?

    It gives more reliable results.

  13. Why are non-communicable diseases rising worldwide?

    People live longer, and diets and lifestyles are changing.

  14. What do non-communicable diseases cost a country?

    Billions of pounds in health care.

  15. Give an example of a law to reduce risk.

    The ban on smoking in enclosed public places.

  16. Common mistake about risk factors?

    Saying that smoking always causes cancer. It increases the risk, but not every smoker gets cancer.