Flashcards · Biology · Homeostasis
Insulin and Blood Glucose
-
What is the normal blood glucose concentration?
About 5 mmol per dm³.
-
Which hormone lowers the blood glucose?
Insulin.
-
Where is insulin made?
In the pancreas.
-
What does insulin do?
Makes cells take up glucose from the blood.
-
What does the liver do with the extra glucose?
Converts it to glycogen, which it stores.
-
What is glycogen?
A storage carbohydrate made from glucose.
-
What detects the high glucose?
Cells in the pancreas.
-
What is the effect of insulin on the blood glucose?
It falls.
-
Name two types of cell that take up glucose.
Liver cells and muscle cells.
-
Why does the blood glucose rise after a meal?
Carbohydrate is digested to glucose, which is absorbed.
-
What happens to insulin release when the glucose falls to normal?
Less insulin is released.
-
What type of control is this?
Negative feedback.
-
What carries insulin around the body?
The blood.
-
Why is a high blood glucose harmful?
Water leaves the cells by osmosis, and tissues are damaged.
-
What are the units of blood glucose?
mmol per dm³.
-
Common mistake about insulin?
Saying it makes glucose. It makes cells take up glucose, and convert it to glycogen.