Flashcards · Biology · Homeostasis
Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
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What is diabetes?
A condition in which the blood glucose concentration is not controlled.
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What is the cause of type 1 diabetes?
The pancreas does not produce enough insulin.
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What destroys the insulin-making cells in type 1?
The immune system.
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How is type 1 diabetes controlled?
Insulin injections, diet and exercise.
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Why is insulin injected?
It is a protein, so it would be digested if taken by mouth.
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What is the cause of type 2 diabetes?
The body cells no longer respond to insulin.
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What is the main risk factor for type 2 diabetes?
Obesity.
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How is type 2 diabetes controlled?
Diet, exercise and weight loss, sometimes tablets or insulin.
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Which type usually starts in childhood?
Type 1.
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Which type can often be prevented?
Type 2, by a healthy lifestyle.
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Name two symptoms of diabetes.
Thirst and frequent urination.
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Name an effect of high glucose over many years.
Damage to blood vessels, nerves, kidneys and eyes.
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Which type is not caused by lifestyle?
Type 1.
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What does an insulin pump do?
Delivers insulin under the skin.
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What happens to the blood glucose after a meal in diabetes?
It rises higher, and falls back more slowly.
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Common mistake about diabetes?
Saying that type 2 has no insulin. In type 2 the cells do not respond to it.