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Exam questions · Biology · Communicable Diseases

Fungal and Protist Diseases

  • 7 exam questions
  • 18 marks
  • 8 quick checks
  1. 1 State [1 mark]

    Name the type of pathogen that causes rose black spot.

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    Model answer

    A fungus.

    Mark scheme

    • Fungus — 1 mark
  2. 2 Name [3 marks]

    Figure 1 shows how malaria is spread. Name the parts labelled A, B and C and state what B does.

    The malaria cycle with three parts marked A, B and C.
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    Model answer

    A is an infected person. B is the mosquito, which is the vector that carries the protists from person to person. C is the (bed) net.

    Mark scheme

    • A: infected person — 1 mark
    • B: mosquito / vector carries the protist — 1 mark
    • C: bed net — 1 mark
  3. 3 Describe [2 marks]

    Describe the symptoms of rose black spot.

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    Model answer

    Purple or black spots on the leaves. The leaves often turn yellow and fall off early.

    Mark scheme

    • Purple or black spots — 1 mark
    • Leaves turn yellow and drop early — 1 mark
  4. 4 Explain [3 marks]

    Explain why rose black spot reduces the growth of a rose plant.

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    Model answer

    The spots damage the leaves, which turn yellow and fall early. The leaves have less surface to absorb light, so there is less photosynthesis. The plant makes less glucose, so it cannot grow as well.

    Mark scheme

    • Leaves damaged / fall off — 1 mark
    • Less photosynthesis — 1 mark
    • Less glucose so less growth — 1 mark
  5. 5 Describe [2 marks]

    Describe two ways to control rose black spot.

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    Model answer

    Treat the plant with fungicide. Remove and destroy the infected leaves.

    Mark scheme

    • Fungicide — 1 mark
    • Remove and destroy infected leaves — 1 mark
  6. 6 Explain [3 marks]

    Explain how a mosquito spreads malaria between people.

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    Model answer

    A mosquito bites an infected person and takes up the protists that cause malaria in their blood. The protists stay in the mosquito, which is a vector. When it bites another person it passes the protists into that person's blood.

    Mark scheme

    • Takes up protists from an infected person — 1 mark
    • Acts as a vector / carries them — 1 mark
    • Passes them on to a new person — 1 mark
  7. 7 Explain [4 marks]

    Explain how the spread of malaria can be reduced in a village near a swamp.

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    Model answer

    Draining the swamp, or covering standing water, stops mosquitoes breeding, so there are fewer vectors. Villagers can sleep under mosquito nets, which stops the mosquitoes biting them. With fewer bites, fewer people are infected and fewer protists are passed on. Insecticides can also be used.

    Mark scheme

    • Remove breeding sites — 1 mark
    • Fewer mosquitoes / vectors — 1 mark
    • Nets stop bites — 1 mark
    • Fewer people infected — 1 mark

Quick check

  1. 1

    What type of pathogen causes malaria?

    1. AA virus
    2. BA protist
    3. CA bacterium
    4. DA fungus
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    B: A protist

    Malaria is caused by a protist, which is spread by mosquitoes.

  2. 2

    What is a mosquito in the spread of malaria?

    1. AA vector
    2. BA pathogen
    3. CA toxin
    4. DA host that is made ill
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    A: A vector

    A mosquito is a vector, because it carries the pathogen from one person to another.

  3. 3

    Which symptom is typical of malaria?

    1. AA mosaic pattern
    2. BA red rash
    3. CPurple spots on leaves
    4. DRecurrent fever
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    D: Recurrent fever

    Malaria causes recurrent episodes of fever.

  4. 4

    What causes rose black spot?

    1. AA virus
    2. BA bacterium
    3. CA fungus
    4. DA protist
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    C: A fungus

    Rose black spot is caused by a fungus.

  5. 5

    How can rose black spot be treated?

    1. AWith antibiotics
    2. BWith a fungicide
    3. CWith a vaccine
    4. DWith a mosquito net
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    B: With a fungicide

    Fungicides kill the fungus, and removing infected leaves stops it spreading.

  6. 6

    How is rose black spot spread?

    1. ABy water and wind
    2. BBy mosquitoes
    3. CBy sexual contact
    4. DBy food
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    A: By water and wind

    The fungus spreads in the environment by water and wind.

  7. 7

    Why do mosquito nets reduce the spread of malaria?

    1. AThey kill the protist in the blood
    2. BThey stop mosquitoes breeding
    3. CThey stop people being bitten
    4. DThey make people immune
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    C: They stop people being bitten

    Nets stop people being bitten, so the protist cannot be passed on.

  8. 8

    Where do mosquitoes breed?

    1. AIn dry soil
    2. BIn leaves
    3. CIn the air only
    4. DIn standing water
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    D: In standing water

    Mosquitoes lay their eggs in standing water.