Flashcards · Biology · Respiration and Metabolism
Metabolism
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What is metabolism?
The sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body.
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What controls the reactions of metabolism?
Enzymes.
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What is the energy from respiration used for in metabolism?
To synthesise new molecules.
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What is made from glucose in plants for storage?
Starch.
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What is made from glucose to strengthen plant cell walls?
Cellulose.
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What do animals store glucose as?
Glycogen.
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What molecules join to make a lipid?
One glycerol and three fatty acids.
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What is a protein made from?
Amino acids.
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What is used to make amino acids in a plant?
Glucose and nitrate ions.
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What is made when excess protein is broken down?
Urea.
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What happens to urea?
It is excreted.
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What are carbohydrates broken down into?
Sugars.
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What are proteins broken down into?
Amino acids.
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What are lipids broken down into?
Fatty acids and glycerol.
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Name the five examples of metabolism in the specification.
Starch, glycogen and cellulose from glucose; lipids; amino acids and proteins; respiration; breakdown of excess protein to urea.
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Name the product marked X and say what it is made from. A lipid. It is made from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acids.
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Name what goes in and what is made in each reaction. 
Glucose makes starch, glycogen and cellulose. Glycerol and three fatty acids make a lipid. Glucose and nitrate ions make amino acids, then proteins. Glucose and oxygen make carbon dioxide, water and energy. Excess protein makes urea.
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Name the part marked X. Glycerol. One molecule of glycerol joins with three molecules of fatty acids to make a lipid.
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Label the diagram of how a lipid is made. 
Glycerol and three fatty acids join to make a lipid molecule, and the lipid can be broken down again.