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Flashcards · Biology · DNA and the Genome

The Structure of DNA

16 cards

  1. What type of molecule is DNA?

    A polymer made from nucleotides.

  2. How many different nucleotides are in DNA?

    Four.

  3. What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

    A sugar, a phosphate group and a base.

  4. What are the four bases in DNA?

    A, C, G and T.

  5. What makes the four nucleotides different from each other?

    The base attached to the sugar.

  6. What forms the backbone of a DNA strand?

    Alternating sugar and phosphate sections.

  7. Where is the base attached?

    To the sugar.

  8. How many bases code for one amino acid?

    Three.

  9. What does the order of bases in a gene control?

    The order in which amino acids are assembled to make a protein.

  10. A gene has 600 bases. About how many amino acids does it code for?

    200, because 600 divided by 3 is 200.

  11. Is knowing the DNA structure diagram from memory needed for the exam?

    No. You must be able to interpret a diagram of DNA, not reproduce it.

  12. Which base is linked to C on the opposite strand? (Higher tier)

    G.

  13. Which base is linked to T on the opposite strand? (Higher tier)

    A.

  14. What is the complementary strand of A T C G? (Higher tier)

    T A G C.

  15. What is a nucleotide repeated many times called?

    A DNA polymer.

  16. A DNA ladder with no labels. Name the parts of a nucleotide and the part that makes the code. The same ladder with the phosphate group, sugar, base, nucleotide, base pair and backbone labelled.

    A nucleotide is a sugar, a phosphate group and a base. The base carries the code, and the order of the bases is the genetic code.