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Flashcards · Biology · Evidence for Evolution and Classification

The Three-domain System and Evolutionary Trees

15 cards

  1. What new techniques led to new models of classification?

    Better microscopes and chemical analysis, and a better understanding of biochemical processes.

  2. Who developed the three-domain system?

    Carl Woese.

  3. What kind of evidence led to the three-domain system?

    Evidence from chemical analysis.

  4. Name the three domains.

    Archaea, Bacteria and Eukaryota.

  5. What are Archaea?

    Primitive bacteria usually living in extreme environments.

  6. What are Bacteria in the three-domain system?

    The true bacteria.

  7. Which organisms are in the domain Eukaryota?

    Protists, fungi, plants and animals.

  8. What do all eukaryotic cells have?

    A nucleus.

  9. What is an evolutionary tree?

    A diagram showing how scientists believe organisms are related.

  10. What data do scientists use to draw evolutionary trees?

    Classification data for living organisms and fossil data for extinct organisms.

  11. What does a branch point show on an evolutionary tree?

    A common ancestor from which two groups separated.

  12. On a tree, how can you tell which two organisms are most closely related?

    Their branches meet at the most recent branch point.

  13. Is classification a fixed fact?

    No. It is a model that changes with new evidence.

  14. Why were archaea given their own domain?

    Their chemistry is very different from that of true bacteria.

  15. Does the order of the tips on a tree show closeness?

    No. Only the branch points do.