Biology · AQA Paper 1
Monoclonal Antibodies
How monoclonal antibodies are made from hybridoma cells and how they are used in pregnancy tests, laboratories, research and the treatment of cancer. Matches AQA GCSE Biology 4.3.2 (monoclonal antibodies). It is for separate Biology and the Higher tier only, so Combined Science students and Foundation students do not need it.
Lessons
Ticks are remembered on this device only.
-
1
Producing Monoclonal Antibodies
A monoclonal antibody is an antibody that targets one specific chemical, and it can be made in large amounts. This lesson explains how the hybridoma cell…
8 terms -
2
Uses of Monoclonal Antibodies
Because monoclonal antibodies target one specific chemical, they can find and deliver things in the body with great accuracy. This lesson covers their uses in…
8 terms
Key terms in this chapter
All 16, gathered from every lesson.
- Monoclonal antibody
- An antibody made by a single clone of cells, which is specific to one binding site on one antigen.
- Hybridoma cell
- A cell formed by combining a lymphocyte with a tumour cell, which can both divide and make an antibody.
- Lymphocyte
- A white blood cell that makes antibodies.
- Tumour cell
- A cell that divides in an uncontrolled way.
- Clone
- A group of genetically identical cells.
- Antigen
- A molecule on the surface of a pathogen or cell that triggers an immune response.
- Binding site
- The part of an antigen to which an antibody attaches.
- Purify
- To separate a substance from everything else in a mixture.
- Pregnancy test
- A test that uses monoclonal antibodies to detect the hormone hCG in urine.
- hCG
- The hormone that is present in the urine of a pregnant woman.
- Fluorescent dye
- A dye that glows under certain light, used to show where an antibody has bound.
- Diagnosis
- Identifying a disease or condition from its signs.
- Target
- The chemical or cell that a monoclonal antibody is designed to bind to.
- Radioactive substance
- A material that gives out radiation, which can kill cancer cells.
- Side effect
- An unwanted effect of a treatment.
- Evaluate
- To weigh up the advantages and disadvantages and reach a judgement.